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Mortgage Basics 101: What Every Homebuyer Should Know

Buying a home is exciting — but navigating the mortgage process can feel overwhelming. At Chess Capital Partners, we believe an informed buyer is an empowered buyer. That’s why we created Mortgage Basics 101 — a quick, friendly guide to help you understand how mortgages work and what to expect along the way.

What Is a Mortgage?

A mortgage is a type of loan used to buy a home or other real estate. It’s an agreement between you and a lender, where the lender provides the money to purchase the property, and you agree to repay it over time, usually with monthly payments that include both principal and interest. The home serves as collateral, which means if you don’t repay the loan, the lender can take the property. Mortgages make it possible for most people to become homeowners without needing to pay the full cost upfront.

The Key Parts of a Mortgage

What Lenders Look For

Before approving your mortgage, lenders review your:

  • Credit Score

  • Income and Employment

  • Debt-to-Income Ratio (DTI)

  • Down Payment

  • Property Value (via Appraisal)

Pre-Approval vs. Pre-Qualification

  • Pre-Qualification: A quick estimate of what you might afford

  • Pre-Approval: A more thorough review that gives you real buying power

Getting pre-approved shows sellers you’re serious and ready to move forward.

Amortization

The schedule of how your loan is paid down over time.

Is a Mortgage Right for Me?

  • You have a steady income and manageable monthly expenses
  • You’re ready to invest in a long-term home or property
  • You have savings for a down payment and closing costs
  • You’re prepared for the responsibilities of homeownership (maintenance, taxes, insurance)

Types of Mortgages

There are several mortgage options to suit different needs:

  • Conventional Loans: Great for those with strong credit and stable income

  • FHA Loans: Lower down payments and easier qualifications

  • VA Loans: Zero down for qualified veterans and military families

  • Non-QM Loans: For self-employed or unique income scenarios

  • Private Money Loans: Short-term loans for investors or unique properties.

Tips to Get Mortgage-Ready

  • Check and improve your credit score

  • Pay down existing debt

  • Save for a down payment and closing costs

  • Avoid new credit applications before applying

Costs to Expect When Buying a Home

  • Down Payment
  • Closing Costs (2%–5% of the home price)
  • Homeowners Insurance
  • Property Taxes
  • Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) if down payment is under 20%

Tips for a Smooth Mortgage Experience

  • Check your credit and correct any errors before applying.
  • Don’t open new credit accounts or make large purchases during the process.
  • Save more than the minimum required for extra security.
  • Ask questions—your lender is here to help!

Talk to a mortgage expert, now!

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